Ovarian cysts are quite common among women of reproductive age; most might not be aware they’re there. Understandably, an ovarian cyst diagnosis could raise concerns about ovarian cancer. Although both conditions have quite similar symptoms, they are, in fact, extremely different. For the most accurate information and a precise diagnosis, it is best to consult an ovarian cancer specialist Bhubaneswar. 

What is an Ovarian Cyst?

Although most follicles dissolve after ovulation, occasionally, one might remain and eventually form a cyst. In most cases, cysts will not cause any noticeable symptoms, although, on rare occasions, you may feel moderate discomfort. Some possible symptoms are:

  • A slow, heavy sensation or a sudden, excruciating, intense pain in the pelvic region
  • Discomfort experienced during sexual activity
  • Experiencing constipation
  • Urinating more often than usual
  • Periods that are heavier, less regular, or neither than usual
  • Bloating
  • Getting full on a small amount of food

What Are The Different Types Of Ovarian Cysts?

A simple ovarian cyst, often a functional cyst, is a fluid-filled sac that forms naturally during a woman’s monthly cycle. Changes influence their fluctuating nature in hormone levels. There are many types, including:

  • Corpus Luteum Cysts: The corpus luteum is a cluster of cells that secrete hormones during ovulation. When the ovary becomes enlarged and filled with fluid, a cyst develops.
  • Follicular Cysts: Ovulation involves the release of an egg from an ovarian follicle. A cyst can develop on the ovary when the follicle enlarges due to an absence of egg release throughout the menstrual cycle.
  • Endometriomas: Cysts made of endometrial tissue are known as endometriomas. The lining of the uterus, known as endometrial tissue, is shed during menstruation. If you have endometriosis, you’re likely to develop these cysts.
  • Dermoid Cysts: Teratomas, or dermoid cysts, comprise various bodily tissues. The ovary develops cysts that encase various tissues, including skin, hair, and teeth. They originate in your ovary’s reproductive cells.

Simple ovarian cysts appear as hollow spots on ultrasounds regardless of their location or nomenclature. These cysts also have neat, tidy borders and a dark center.

Ovarian Cancer: What Is It?

When healthy cells in one or both ovaries alter and proliferate uncontrollably, ovarian cancer develops. Tumors form when these cells continue to grow. New tumors begin to form in other parts of the body as ovarian cancer spreads. Most cases of ovarian cancer occur after menopause, typically in women aged 63 and above.

Factors that may increase a woman’s risk of cancer include:

  • A personal or family history of cancer, especially of the ovaries, the intestines, or the breasts
  • Known breast or gastrointestinal cancer history
  • Hereditary susceptibility to ovarian cancer
  • A partially solid, irregularly shaped ovarian cyst larger than 2 inches
  • Multiple cysts found on both ovaries
  • Stomach or pelvic buildup of fluid

The Symptoms Of A Cancerous Ovarian Cyst

On the surface, ovarian cysts and cancer can be mistaken for one another due to having the same symptoms. Some of the symptoms of ovarian cancer are:

  • Constant abdominal discomfort
  • Persistent bloating
  • Having trouble chewing food or getting full faster
  • Urinating more often than usual

Get in touch with an ovarian cancer specialist without delay if you notice any of these signs. They can recommend an ultrasound to check for cysts and, if detected, recommend a course of treatment.

Diagnosis

Some ultrasound scans that doctors use to detect ovarian cysts include:

  • Transvaginal ultrasound: An internal exam that captures images of the ovaries by putting an ultrasound probe into the vagina.
  • Transabdominal ultrasound: A doctor scans the patient’s lower abdomen to obtain an image of the pelvis.

If an ovarian cyst is seen during the ultrasound, the doctor may ask for more scans to monitor it.

Treatment

Ovarian cysts usually go away without the need for medical intervention. However, treatment might be required depending on the: 

  • How large and noticeable the cyst is
  • The symptoms
  • Whether or not they have experienced menopause

An expert in ovarian cancer may recommend the following courses of treatment:

  • The doctor may suggest monitoring the cyst to see its progress.
  • Ovarian cyst patients may be prescribed the birth control pill as it can prevent it from worsening.
  • The cyst may be removed surgically by cystectomy, oophorectomy, or total hysterectomy.

Conclusion 

Ovarian cysts are common and happen naturally during menstruation. They are innocuous, noncancerous, and rarely need treatment. However, an ovarian cancer specialist in Bhubaneswar may advise surgical excision if the cyst is causing distressing symptoms, develops cancer, or prevents a woman from conceiving or becoming pregnant.

If you suspect you may have ovarian cancer, then consult Dr. Ushashree Das. With her expertise, she can assess your symptoms, address your concerns, and suggest the proper treatment for your condition. Reach out to schedule an appointment.

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